Tonsillitis is usually caused by viral or bacterial infections. The most common cause is viruses that cause the common cold. However, bacteria such as Streptococcus pyogenes can also cause infection of the tonsils. Tonsillitis of bacterial origin is commonly known as ‘streptococcal throat infection’ and may require antibiotics. Viral tonsillitis, on the other hand, may resolve on its own.

The most common symptoms of tonsillitis are sore throat, difficulty swallowing and swollen tonsils. Fever, headache, hoarseness and swollen lymph nodes in the neck are also common. White or yellow spots may appear on the tonsils, which is an indication of infection. Children may also experience abdominal pain and loss of appetite.

Treatment depends on the source of the infection. For viral tonsillitis, plenty of fluids, rest and painkillers are usually recommended. Bacterial tonsillitis requires antibiotic treatment. In cases of recurrent tonsillitis or if the tonsils are severely swollen, it may be necessary to remove the tonsils with a surgical procedure called tonsillectomy.

Although tonsillitis cannot be completely prevented, some precautions can be taken to reduce the risk of infection. Good hand hygiene, avoiding close contact with infected people and healthy living habits that strengthen the general immune system can reduce the risk of tonsillitis. This condition, which is especially common in children, usually occurs less frequently as they grow older.