The most important infections we have encountered recently are viral infections. The most common infections we encounter in kindergartens are currently influenza, rhinovirus and RSV.
Influenza virus, commonly known as influenza, is a respiratory infection that we frequently encounter, especially in winter. So, what exactly is this virus, how does it spread and what can we do to protect ourselves? Here's what you need to know about the influenza virus.
How does the influenza virus spread?
The influenza virus is highly contagious and spreads through coughing, sneezing or contact with infected surfaces. The virus can be transmitted to other people through droplets that an infected person breathes out. Also, touching the mouth, nose or eyes without washing hands after touching surfaces that have come into contact with the virus can cause the virus to enter the body.
Differences between influenza and the common cold
Influenza is often confused with the common cold, but there are clear differences. The common cold is usually mild, develops gradually and is characterised by symptoms such as a runny nose and mild sore throat. Influenza, on the other hand, starts suddenly and is characterised by more severe symptoms. High fever, muscle aches and severe weakness are the most prominent features of the influenza virus.
Ways of Prevention
The most effective way to protect against the influenza virus is to get the flu vaccine regularly every year. This is because the virus is constantly mutating and different subtypes emerge every year. The vaccine plays a major role in providing immunity against these subtypes.
In addition, the following measures can also help protect against the virus:
What is Rhinovirus?
Rhinovirus is one of the most common types of virus that causes the common cold. By affecting the respiratory tract, this virus can cause a variety of illnesses, ranging from mild discomfort to more serious infections, especially in vulnerable groups. Rhinovirus is responsible for about 50 per cent of cold cases and is therefore a frequently encountered virus.
One of the favourite targets of rhinovirus is the nasal mucosa. In cold weather, the nasal mucosa becomes drier and the defence system weakens, which provides a favourable environment for the virus to multiply. Therefore, rhinovirus infections usually increase during the winter months.
Symptoms of Rhinovirus Infection
The symptoms of rhinovirus infection are usually mild and disappear within a few days. However, in some people (especially those with a weakened immune system) the symptoms may be more severe. General symptoms are as follows:
These symptoms usually appear within 2-3 days and most people recover in about a week.
Ways to Prevent Rhinovirus Infection
It is possible to avoid rhinovirus infections by observing basic hygiene rules. Here are some simple but effective measures you can take to protect yourself from rhinovirus:
What is RSV Virus?
RSV is a virus that affects the respiratory tract and can cause serious respiratory infections, especially in young children. RSV is one of the most common causes of hospitalisation in infants.
What are the Symptoms of RSV?
RSV infection usually starts with symptoms similar to a common cold and can therefore be difficult to recognise early on. However, symptoms can worsen in a short time. General symptoms are as follows:
These symptoms usually manifest themselves within 3-7 days. In infants and children, these symptoms can progress more rapidly and cause serious respiratory problems.
Treatment and Intervention Methods
RSV infection is usually mild and can go away on its own with rest at home and plenty of fluids. However, it is important to consult a doctor if symptoms worsen. Medical intervention may be necessary, especially for infants and children with breathing difficulties. In severe cases, hospitalisation and oxygen support may be required.